What is the difference between P21 and Pinealon?

P21: P21 (also P021) is a small peptidergic compound — the tetrapeptide core Asp-Gly-Gly-Leu with an N-terminal acetyl and a C-terminal adamantylated glycine amide (Ac-DGGL(A)G-NH2) — derived from an activ... Pinealon: Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) from the Khavinson bioregulator series, studied for its potential role in regulating pineal gland function and neuroprotective signaling pathways in pr...

What does the research say about P21 vs Pinealon?

P21: Evidence is preclinical (rodent) only. Key publication: Kazim, Blanchard, Dai, Tung, LaFerla, Iqbal & Iqbal, Neurobiology of Disease 2014 (PMID 25046994) reported that chronic oral P021 rescued cognition, boosted dentate-gyrus neurogenesis, and reduced tau hyperphosphorylation in 3xTg-AD mice. Additional preclinical papers from the Iqbal group (and… Pinealon: Khavinson et al. (Rejuvenation Research, 2011, PMID 21978084) reported that Pinealon suppressed reactive oxygen species accumulation, reduced cell death, and modulated cell-cycle progression across multiple cell types under oxidative stress, with the authors suggesting direct genome-level interaction. Arutjunyan et al. (International Journal of Cli…

P21 vs Pinealon

Q: Can you stack P21 and Pinealon?

P21 (cognitive) and Pinealon (cognitive) are in the same category and may have overlapping mechanisms — researchers should review both profiles carefully before combining. Consult a licensed provider before combining any compounds.

Head-to-head comparison of P21 and Pinealon — mechanism, dosing, side effects, legal status, and pricing.

P21

P21 (also P021) is a small peptidergic compound — the tetrapeptide core Asp-Gly-Gly-Leu with an N-terminal acetyl and a C-terminal adamantylated glycine amide (Ac-DGGL(A)G-NH2) — derived from an active region (residues ~148–151) of human ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). It was designed and characterized in the Khalid Iqbal laboratory at the New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities (NYS IBR). It is an experimental, preclinical compound — NOT FDA-approved and NOT tested in humans in published trials. Distinct from the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein p21/CDKN1A/WAF1 (a completely different gene product; the two share only the name).

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Pinealon

Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) from the Khavinson bioregulator series, studied for its potential role in regulating pineal gland function and neuroprotective signaling pathways in preclinical models.

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P21

Pinealon

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P21

Best $/mg

$7.14/mg

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Pinealon

Best $/mg

$1.65/mg

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Lab Verification

COA corpus from Disclosed Labs — independently tested batches only.

P21

COAs

99.1%

Avg purity

Labs

Full testing data

Pinealon

COAs

98.7%

Avg purity

Labs

Full testing data

P21 Research Summary

Evidence is preclinical (rodent) only. Key publication: Kazim, Blanchard, Dai, Tung, LaFerla, Iqbal & Iqbal, Neurobiology of Disease 2014 (PMID 25046994) reported that chronic oral P021 rescued cognition, boosted dentate-gyrus neurogenesis, and reduced tau hyperphosphorylation in 3xTg-AD mice. Additional preclinical papers from the Iqbal group (and collaborators) have shown dendritic/synaptic rescue in AD and aging rodent models (e.g., Kazim et al., Alzheimer's Res Ther 2017). No Phase 1/2/3 human trials have been published; no human safety or pharmacokinetic data exist. Grey-market vendor material is unvalidated — purity, identity, and dosing are not verifiable.

Key references

Disease-modifying effect of chronic oral treatment with a neurotrophic peptidergic compound (P021) in a triple-transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (Kazim et al., Neurobiol Dis 2014) (2014)

Pinealon Research Summary

Khavinson et al. (Rejuvenation Research, 2011, PMID 21978084) reported that Pinealon suppressed reactive oxygen species accumulation, reduced cell death, and modulated cell-cycle progression across multiple cell types under oxidative stress, with the authors suggesting direct genome-level interaction. Arutjunyan et al. (International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2012, PMID 22567179) reported that Pinealon administered to pregnant rats on a methionine (hyperhomocysteinemia) diet improved spatial learning and reduced ROS accumulation in cerebellar neurons of offspring. The evidence base is dominated by Khavinson's St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology and has not been independently replicated in Western clinical trials. No Phase II or III trials exist; Pinealon is not FDA-approved.

Key references

Can you stack P21 and Pinealon?

P21 and Pinealon are both in the Cognitive category and may have overlapping mechanisms. Researchers should review both profiles carefully, understand the mechanisms of action, and monitor the relevant biomarkers when combining compounds in the same class. As always, consult a licensed healthcare provider before making any decisions about combining research compounds.

Other comparisons

Pinealon vs Selank P21 vs Selank Pinealon vs Semax P21 vs Semax Dihexa vs Pinealon Dihexa vs P21 PE-22-28 vs Pinealon P21 vs PE-22-28

This platform provides informational tools only, not medical advice. This comparison is for educational purposes only. Consult a licensed provider.