Unifiram

Overview

Unifiram (DM-232) is a synthetic non-peptide small-molecule nootropic structurally related to sunifiram, though not a racetam itself. It originated from Italian academic research (University of Florence) in the early 2000s and has never progressed beyond preclinical animal studies; it is not an approved or investigational drug in any regulatory database. Unifiram is sold openly by research-chemical vendors as an unregulated laboratory reagent. No human data of any kind exist.

Mechanism of Action

Preclinical evidence indicates unifiram facilitates AMPA-receptor-mediated neurotransmission without direct receptor binding: in rat hippocampal slices it increased fEPSP amplitude and reversed kynurenic-acid antagonism of NMDA-mediated transmitter release, effects blocked by the AMPA-receptor antagonist NBQX. It also increased acetylcholine release from rat cerebral cortex, suggesting an additional cholinergic component. Radioligand binding assays showed no significant affinity for major central receptors or ion channels, so the specific molecular binding site remains unidentified.

Research Summary

No human data of any kind exist for unifiram; no registered clinical trials or published human studies were found. All available evidence is from rodent behavioral and in-vitro electrophysiology studies. In mice and rats, unifiram (0.001–1 mg/kg i.p. or 0.01–0.1 mg/kg oral) reversed amnesia induced by scopolamine, mecamylamine, baclofen, clonidine, and NBQX in passive-avoidance and Morris water-maze tests, at doses roughly 1,000-fold lower than piracetam, without impairing motor coordination or altering spontaneous locomotor activity. No systematic toxicology (repeat-dose, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity) studies have been published.

Vendors selling Unifiram

Scored vendors carrying Unifiram, ranked by trust grade. Grades are computed from indexed Certificates of Analysis. Full $/mg pricing is on the comparison page.

Reported Side Effects

• No published human safety or adverse-event data
• No formal preclinical toxicology studies (repeat-dose, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity) located
• Unregulated research-chemical status; purity and contaminant profile cannot be assumed
• Any circulating dosing information is not clinically derived
• Long-term safety profile unknown in any species

Compare Unifiram with Others

Research References

• Unifiram - PubChem Compound Summary (CID 9861054).
• AMPA-receptor activation is involved in the antiamnesic effect of DM 232 (unifiram) and DM 235 (sunifiram). 2003. PMID 14600801.
• Pharmacological Characterization of DM232 (Unifiram) and DM235 (Sunifiram), New Potent Cognition Enhancers.
• The novel nootropic compound DM232 (UNIFIRAM) ameliorates memory impairment in mice and rats. 2002.

Frequently asked questions

Has Unifiram been independently lab-tested?

Disclosed Labs has collected 1 Certificate of Analysis (COA) for Unifiram from 1 independent testing lab. 1 vendor has submitted material for testing. Products average 99.4% tested purity across the corpus. Full testing data is available at https://www.disclosedlabs.com/peptides/unifiram/testing.

Where can researchers source Unifiram?

1 vendor with Disclosed Labs trust grades currently list Unifiram, including Kimera Chems. Compare live prices and lab-verified COAs at https://www.disclosedlabs.com/prices/unifiram.

How does Unifiram work?

Preclinical evidence indicates unifiram facilitates AMPA-receptor-mediated neurotransmission without direct receptor binding: in rat hippocampal slices it increased fEPSP amplitude and reversed kynurenic-acid antagonism of NMDA-mediated transmitter release, effects blocked by the AMPA-receptor antagonist NBQX. It also increased acetylcholine release from rat cerebral cortex, suggesting an additional cholinergic component. Radioligand binding assays showed no significant affinity for major central receptors or ion channels, so the specific molecular binding site remains unidentified.

What does the research say about Unifiram?

No human data of any kind exist for unifiram; no registered clinical trials or published human studies were found. All available evidence is from rodent behavioral and in-vitro electrophysiology studies. In mice and rats, unifiram (0.001–1 mg/kg i.p. or 0.01–0.1 mg/kg oral) reversed amnesia induced by scopolamine, mecamylamine, baclofen, clonidine, and NBQX in passive-avoidance and Morris water-maze tests, at doses roughly 1,000-fold lower than piracetam, without impairing motor coordination or altering spontaneous locomotor activity. No systematic toxicology (repeat-dose, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity) studies have been published.