Informational only. Not medical advice.INFORMATIONAL PLATFORM ONLY — NOT MEDICAL ADVICE, DIAGNOSIS, OR TREATMENT
Informational only. Not medical advice.INFORMATIONAL PLATFORM ONLY — NOT MEDICAL ADVICE, DIAGNOSIS, OR TREATMENT
Head-to-head comparison of KPV and Larazotide — mechanism, dosing, side effects, legal status, and pricing.
KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is the C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH residues 11-13), the smallest alpha-MSH fragment retaining anti-inflammatory activity. Research-only; not FDA-approved. Evidence is primarily preclinical with no controlled human trials.
Larazotide is a synthetic linear octapeptide (Gly-Gly-Val-Leu-Val-Gln-Pro-Gly) structurally derived from the Vibrio cholerae zonula occludens toxin. It is proposed to act on the zonulin/tight-junction signaling pathway, interrupting gliadin-triggered intestinal barrier disruption by preserving tight-junction integrity locally in the gut lumen. Larazotide has been studied in multiple human trials for celiac disease under the development codes AT-1001, INN-202, and SPD550, but has never received FDA or EMA approval; a Phase 3 trial (NCT03569007) was terminated by the sponsor in 2022 with no results posted. It is not systemically absorbed and is available only as a research chemical.
KPV
Larazotide
Category
Legal Status
Mechanism
Dose Range
Route
COA-verified vendors · trust score ≥70 required · single-vial price — bulk/bundle deals may be lower
KPV
Larazotide
COA corpus from Disclosed Labs — independently tested batches only.
KPV
89
COAs
99.5%
Avg purity
15
Labs
Larazotide
1
COAs
98.3%
Avg purity
1
Labs
Dalmasso et al. (Gastroenterology 2008; PMID 18061177) demonstrated PepT1-mediated uptake of KPV and reduction of DSS- and TNBS-induced colitis in mice. Kannengiesser et al. (Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 2008; PMID 18092346) showed anti-inflammatory effects in two murine colitis models at least partly independent of MC1R signaling. Brzoska et al. (Endocrine Reviews 2008; PMID 18612139) reviewed alpha-MSH and related tripeptides, summarizing NF-kB suppression across cell types. Subsequent preclinical work (largely from the Merlin group at Georgia State) has explored oral nanoparticle and polysaccharide-hydrogel delivery for IBD. No controlled human trials have been published.
Key references
Larazotide has been studied in multiple completed human trials for celiac disease but has never received FDA or EMA approval. A Phase 1 single-dose study (Paterson et al. 2007, PMID 17697209) confirmed no systemic absorption. Phase 2 gluten-challenge trials (Leffler et al. 2012, PMID 22825365, n=86, doses 0.25/1/4/8 mg TID) did not meet the primary endpoint (intestinal permeability) due to high variability, though lower doses limited symptom worsening. A Phase 2b trial (Leffler et al. 2015, PMID 25683116, ~342 patients, no gluten challenge) met its primary endpoint at the 0.5 mg TID dose, showing symptom improvement versus placebo with an inverse dose-response. The Phase 3 CeDLara trial (NCT03569007, 307 patients, 0.25 mg and 0.5 mg TID) was terminated by the sponsor in 2022 for futility/impractically large required sample size, with no results posted. Across trials, no serious drug-related adverse events or hepatic/renal/bone toxicity signals were reported; headache and urinary tract infection were the most common adverse events without consistent excess versus placebo. In preclinical models, larazotide reduced gliadin-induced paracellular permeability and preserved tight-junction protein localization in Caco-2 human intestinal cell monolayers, prevented gliadin-induced permeability increases and reduced macrophage infiltration in HLA-DQ8 transgenic mice, and accelerated barrier recovery in a porcine jejunum ischemia-reperfusion injury model.
KPV and Larazotide are both in the Immune category and may have overlapping mechanisms. Researchers should review both profiles carefully, understand the mechanisms of action, and monitor the relevant biomarkers when combining compounds in the same class. As always, consult a licensed healthcare provider before making any decisions about combining research compounds.
This platform provides informational tools only, not medical advice. This comparison is for educational purposes only. Consult a licensed provider.
Frequency
Dosing Notes
Half-life
Side Effects
Contraindications
Lab Testing
Key references
Disclosed Labs