Informational only. Not medical advice.INFORMATIONAL PLATFORM ONLY — NOT MEDICAL ADVICE, DIAGNOSIS, OR TREATMENT
Informational only. Not medical advice.INFORMATIONAL PLATFORM ONLY — NOT MEDICAL ADVICE, DIAGNOSIS, OR TREATMENT
Head-to-head comparison of AOD-9604 and Liraglutide — mechanism, side effects, legal status, and pricing.
AOD-9604 is a 16-amino-acid synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone (residues 177-191) with an additional N-terminal tyrosine. Developed by Metabolic Pharmaceuticals (Australia) to isolate a purported 'lipolytic' activity of GH without GH-receptor-mediated growth or diabetogenic effects. AOD-9604 is NOT FDA-approved for any indication; controlled human trials for obesity did not demonstrate clinically meaningful weight loss, and obesity development was terminated in 2007.
Liraglutide is an FDA-approved GLP-1 receptor agonist marketed as Victoza (type 2 diabetes, approved 2010) and Saxenda (chronic weight management, approved 2014). It was the first GLP-1 analog approved for obesity and carries an FDA boxed warning for the risk of thyroid C-cell tumors. Pediatric indications include type 2 diabetes in patients ≥10 years (Victoza) and obesity in patients ≥12 years with BMI ≥95th percentile (Saxenda).
AOD-9604
Liraglutide
Category
Legal Status
Mechanism
Half-life
Side Effects
COA-verified vendors · trust score ≥70 required · single-vial price — bulk/bundle deals may be lower
AOD-9604
Liraglutide
1 vendor lists this, but none clear the trust bar (score ≥70) yet.
Check Liraglutide prices →COA corpus from Disclosed Labs — independently tested batches only.
AOD-9604
97
COAs
99.5%
Avg purity
16
Labs
Liraglutide
No COA data yet.
Submit testing data →Clinical: AOD-9604 went through six randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 1/2 trials across approximately 900 subjects (Stier et al., J Endocrinol Metab 2013). These established a safety profile indistinguishable from placebo — no effect on IGF-1, no impairment of glucose tolerance, no anti-AOD-9604 antibodies — but did NOT demonstrate clinically meaningful weight loss. A 24-week Phase 2b trial (~536 obese subjects) failed its primary efficacy endpoint and Metabolic Pharmaceuticals / Calzada terminated obesity development in 2007. Preclinical: Heffernan et al. (Int J Obes 2001, PMID 11673763; Endocrinology 2001, PMID 11713213) reported reduced body-weight gain and increased fat oxidation in obese mice and showed the lipolytic action did not require direct β3-AR agonism (β3-knock-out animals still responded). Ng et al. (Horm Res 2000, PMID 11146367) reported metabolic effects in obese Zucker rats without insulin-sensitivity impairment. Osteoarthritis exploration is limited to preclinical animal work — Kwon & Park (Ann Clin Lab Sci 2015, PMID 26275694) reported intra-articular AOD-9604 plus hyaluronic acid was superior to either alone in a collagenase-induced rabbit OA model; no adequately powered human OA trial has been published. Regulatory: NOT FDA-approved; widely-cited 'FDA GRAS' status has not been confirmed in the FDA GRAS Notice Inventory. PCAC voted AGAINST including AOD-9604 on the 503A Bulks List on December 4, 2024.
Key references
The SCALE Obesity and Prediabetes trial (Pi-Sunyer et al., NEJM 2015; PMID 26132939) demonstrated ~8% body-weight loss at 3.0 mg daily over 56 weeks, and the SCALE Diabetes trial (Davies et al., JAMA 2015; PMID 26284720) showed 6.0% weight loss in adults with type 2 diabetes. The LEADER cardiovascular outcomes trial (Marso et al., NEJM 2016; PMID 27295427) demonstrated a 13% relative reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes with established CVD or high CV risk. A pediatric Phase 3 trial (Kelly et al., NEJM 2020; PMID 32233338) supported Saxenda's FDA approval for adolescents ≥12 years with obesity. While less effective than newer GLP-1 agonists for weight loss, liraglutide has the longest track record and most extensive real-world safety data. The daily dosing requirement is its main disadvantage versus weekly semaglutide.
AOD-9604 and Liraglutide are both in the Metabolic category and may have overlapping mechanisms. Researchers should review both profiles carefully, understand the mechanisms of action, and monitor the relevant biomarkers when combining compounds in the same class. As always, consult a licensed healthcare provider before making any decisions about combining research compounds.
This platform provides informational tools only, not medical advice. This comparison is for educational purposes only. Consult a licensed provider.
Contraindications
Lab Testing
Key references
Disclosed Labs